Q1
퇴치하다
What does this word mean?
to plead/beg
to pursue
to dismiss/reject
to exterminate
퇴치하다 — to exterminate (verbs)
Q2
extinction
How do you say this in Korean?
인본주의심리학
조작적조건화
단기기억
소거
소거 — extinction (psychology)
Q3
걸출하다
What does this word mean?
to be self-critical
to be uniform
to be normative
to be remarkable
걸출하다 — to be remarkable (compound_adj)
Q4
environmental economics
How do you say this in Korean?
환경경제학
비교우위
시계열분석
계약이론
환경경제학 — environmental economics (economy)
Q5
멸망하다
What does this word mean?
to colonize
to perish/be destroyed
to succeed/inherit
to lead/pioneer
멸망하다 — to perish/be destroyed (verbs)
Q6
systematic review
How do you say this in Korean?
공학
건축공학
문화연구
체계적문헌고찰
체계적문헌고찰 — systematic review (academic)
Q7
비교언어학
What does this word mean?
positive face
applied linguistics
suffix
comparative linguistics
비교언어학 — comparative linguistics (linguistics)
Q8
to argue/prove
How do you say this in Korean?
강등하다
활성화하다
논증하다
혁신하다
논증하다 — to argue/prove (verbs)
Q9
nominalization – informal/spoken
Which Korean grammar pattern expresses this?
-더라고요 vs -(으)ㄴ/는 것 같다 대조
-(으)ㄴ/는 셈이다
명사화 -기
-(으)ㄴ들
명사화 -기 — nominalization – informal/spoken. e.g. 혼자 사는 것보다 같이 사는 것이 더 즐거워요. (Living together is more enjoyable than living alone.)
Q10
-(으)ㄹ 지경이다
What does this grammar pattern mean?
it seems likely; it would make sense that
there is no way that; it cannot be that
recollection vs inference – nuance difference
to the point of; on the verge of (extreme state)
-(으)ㄹ 지경이다 — to the point of; on the verge of (extreme state). e.g. 소음이 너무 심해 귀가 먹을 지경이었습니다. (The noise was so severe I was on the verge of going deaf.)
Q11
Write that the scientist was so overwhelmed with excitement upon discovering the result that she immediately called her mentor.
Which sentence says this correctly?
경제가 불안정하므로 기업들이 투자를 줄이고 있습니다.
한국 역사를 깊이 공부할수록 그 복잡성을 더욱 실감하게 됩니다.
연구 결과를 발견한 흥분감에 너무 들뜬 나머지 그녀는 즉시 지도 교수에게 전화를 걸었습니다.
해외 생활은 언어 실력을 향상시킬 뿐만 아니라 세계관도 넓혀 줘요.
-(으)ㄴ 나머지 (심리적) — to such an extent (psychological result). 심리적 과잉 → 충동적 행동. 과거 서술체에 자연스럽게 어울림
Q12
I can only; there is nothing to do but (resigned acceptance)
Which Korean grammar pattern expresses this?
-(으)ㄹ 따름이다
-는 바
-는 데
-(으)ㅁ에도 불구하고
-(으)ㄹ 따름이다 — I can only; there is nothing to do but (resigned acceptance). e.g. 결과를 겸허히 받아들일 따름입니다. (I can only humbly accept the result.)
Q13
Express disbelief that a company with decades of experience could have made such a basic accounting error.
Which sentence says this correctly?
이번에 제안이 거절되더라도 팀은 포기하지 않고 수정안을 제출할 것입니다.
개혁 과정이 더딜망정 갑작스러운 격변보다는 바람직합니다.
수십 년의 경험을 지닌 회사가 그런 기초적인 회계 오류를 범했을 리가 없습니다.
어떤 조직에서도 의사소통이 단절되면 갈등이 생기기 마련입니다.
-(으)ㄹ 리(가) 없다 — there is no way that; it cannot be that. 동사 관형사형 + 리(가) 없다; 강한 부정 추측. '리가 없다' = 불가능 판단
Q14
-건만
What does this grammar pattern mean?
you reap what you sow in speech; treat others as you wish to be treated
to the point of; on the verge of (extreme state)
and yet; however (literary contrast)
only; merely; nothing more than
-건만 — and yet; however (literary contrast). e.g. 시간이 약이라 하건만 그 상처는 여전히 아팠다. (They say time heals all wounds, and yet that wound still hurt.)
저출산 문제
The Low Birthrate Problem
한국은 아이를 적게 낳는 저출산 문제가 심각한 실정이에요. 젊은 사람들이 결혼과 출산을 미루는 경우가 많아졌어요. 집값이 비싸고 아이를 키우는 비용도 부담스럽기 때문이에요. 정부는 다양한 지원 정책을 내놓고 있지만 효과는 크지 않아요. 아이를 키우기 좋은 사회 환경을 만드는 것이 무엇보다 중요해요. 이 문제는 한 사람이 아니라 사회 전체가 함께 풀어야 해요. 저출산 low birthrate · 심각하다 to be serious · 미루다 to postpone · 부담스럽다 to be burdensome · 정책 policy · 효과 effect · 풀다 to solve
Q15
집값이 비싸고 아이를 키우는 비용도 부담스럽기 때문이에요.
What does this sentence from the passage mean?
Despite the government investing trillions of won, the birth rate has not rebounded.
Some find happiness in money or success, while others find it in small daily life.
It's because housing is expensive and raising children is also a burden.
The dramatic advancement of technology has provided unprecedented convenience, but concerns are also raised that uniquely human values are being threatened.
집값이 비싸고 아이를 키우는 비용도 부담스럽기 때문이에요. = It's because housing is expensive and raising children is also a burden.
Q16
한국은 아이를 적게 낳는 저출산 문제가 심각한 실정이에요.
What does this sentence from the passage mean?
This problem cannot be solved in a short period, and a shift in awareness across society is required.
Korea faces a serious situation of low birthrate, with few children being born.
Therefore, while utilizing SNS, an attitude of developing digital literacy and consciously controlling usage time is needed.
In the end, it seems an era where people and machines work together has come.
한국은 아이를 적게 낳는 저출산 문제가 심각한 실정이에요. = Korea faces a serious situation of low birthrate, with few children being born.
Q17
젊은 사람들이 결혼과 출산을 미루는 경우가 많아졌어요.
What does this sentence from the passage mean?
These differences can lead to conflict, but with a process of understanding each other, they can be overcome.
Many young people are putting off marriage and childbirth.
As AI takes deep root in human daily life, its range of application is expanding endlessly.
Recently, spaces seeking eco-friendly consumption are a growing trend.
젊은 사람들이 결혼과 출산을 미루는 경우가 많아졌어요. = Many young people are putting off marriage and childbirth.
Q18
저출산
What does this word mean in the passage?
plan/measure
low birthrate
to be ambiguous
to step up
저출산 (jeo-chul-san) — low birthrate
Q19
정책
What does this word mean in the passage?
to be optional
from one you can judge the rest
conscience
policy
정책 (jeong-chaek) — policy
Q20
Which sentence does NOT appear in the passage above?
아이를 키우기 좋은 사회 환경을 만드는 것이 무엇보다 중요해요.
지금처럼 자원을 낭비하면 다음 세대는 큰 어려움을 겪게 돼요.
젊은 사람들이 결혼과 출산을 미루는 경우가 많아졌어요.
집값이 비싸고 아이를 키우는 비용도 부담스럽기 때문이에요.
"지금처럼 자원을 낭비하면 다음 세대는 큰 어려움을 겪게 돼요." (If we waste resources as we do now, the next generation will suffer great hardship.) is from a different passage.
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